I haven't tried this on a Pi, but I use python to access a serial port on a Beagle Bone.
Python serial can be installed using sudo apt-get install python-serial
Then you can use the following code snippet:
import serial
serialport = serial.Serial("/dev/ttyS0", 9600, timeout=0.5)
serialport.write("What you want to send")
response = serialport.readlines(None)
print response
Obviously replacing "/dev/ttyS0" with the name of the serial port, and 9600 with the baud rate you need. response will be an array containing the lines which are returned by the serial port.
More details of the python API can be found at http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/