How to change a wlan0 mac address?

Question

I bought the Miniature WiFi Module from ADAFruit (http://www.adafruit.com/products/814) and was wondering if it is possible to change the MAC address associated with it. I have tried using the following code:

sudo ifdown wlan0

sudo ifconfig wlan0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55

sudo ifup wlan0

or

sudo ifdown wlan0

sudo macchanger -r wlan0

sudo ifup wlan0

or by adding a line in /etc/network/interfaces

hwaddress ether 00:11:22:33:44:55

When using lsusb the device shows up as "Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN Adapter". In /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf, driver=rtl1871xdrv. I am running ISC DHCP Server.

The device works otherwise. I just want to be able to change the MAC address

Answer 1

For "Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)" (cat /etc/os-release), "Raspberry Pi reference 2017-06-21" (cat /etc/rpi-issue) (maybe also 2017-07-05) (thanks @Heinrich Ulbricht) and earlier see my answer here.

For "Raspbian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)" (cat /etc/os-release), "Raspberry Pi reference 2017-08-16" (cat /etc/rpi-issue) (maybe also 2017-07-05) and later things changed. For example eth0 is now listed by systemd’s predictable network interface name enxb827ebxxxxxx. So my previous method via if-pre-up.d stopped working.

Instead you can use systemd and create the file /etc/systemd/network/00-mac.link as explained here:

[Match]
OriginalName=wlan0

[Link]
MACAddress=b8:27:eb:xx:xx:xx
NamePolicy=kernel database onboard slot path

Answer 2

I had the same issue - most of the standard ways of doing this didnt seem to work on the raspberry.

My situation was a bit different - I have a Raspberry PI B where the ethernet chip has died and so I used a usb-ethernet adpater. The adapter is maybe not the highest quality as it didnt have a unique MAC address. The adapter is assigned to eth1

I found the answer by enzorik here... http://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5486, worked for me. Essentially...

Create a new script: sudo nano /etc/init.d/mac.sh

Paste into this script (settign your MAC address as required) ...

#! /bin/sh
ifconfig eth1 down hw ether 00:00:00:00:00:00
ifconfig eth1 up 

Make it executable: sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mac.sh

Then run: sudo update-rc.d /etc/init.d/mac.sh defaults

Answer 3

For "Raspbian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)" (cat /etc/os-release), "Raspberry Pi reference 2017-08-16" (cat /etc/rpi-issue) (maybe also 2017-07-05) and later see my answer here.

For "Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)" (cat /etc/os-release), "Raspberry Pi reference 2017-06-21" (cat /etc/rpi-issue) (thanks @Heinrich Ulbricht) (maybe also 2017-07-05) and earlier

you can add the following script to /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/mac:

#!/bin/sh

if [ "$IFACE" = wlan0 ]; then
    ip link set dev "$IFACE" address b8:27:eb:xx:xx:xx
fi

and make it executable with

chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/mac

This should work with systemd and be more robust than the older update-rc.d method.

Answer 4

it is possible to change your mac address but this is a feature of the hardware and drivers.

i was successful using two wifi adapters TL-WN722N and the Alfa AWUS036H

however you should be aware that the Alfa AWUS036H has to be powered through a powered usb hub. if you try and run it directly off the pi you will get kernel panics.

service ifplugd stop

service wicd stop

ifconfig wlan0 down

macchanger -r wlan0 

ifconfig wlan0 up

good luck

Answer 5

For the 8192cu driver you could do this by creating the file /etc/modprobe.d/8192cu.conf (the filename does not matter but it should have .conf extension) and adding a line that looks like:

options 8192cu rtw_initmac="XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX"

where "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" is the static MAC address