Regarding RPi ethernet Hostname and IP address for Putty

Question

QUICK QUESTION: Laptop has wifi. I have ethernet cable connecting laptop and raspberry pi to share wifi from laptop to pi. How to check the ethernet ip address of pi on laptop? (ipconfig doesn't work)

DETAILS: I am running windows 10 on laptop. I am following guides to use laptop as monitor for my raspberry pi and I need to establish ssh connection between laptop and pi using ethernet cable and putty.

The problem is that, using an ethernet cable, the eth0 ip address of pi (from ifconfig) changes when it reboots, and it also does not agree with the ip address on my laptop ethernet setting (from ipconfig or checking control panel), which means I cannot use ipconfig to identify the correct ip addresss of pi even if I change the ethernet setting on laptop to 'obtain ip address automatically' (because obviously it doesn't obtain the right one but use another weird-looking ip that it obtains from nowhere). Thus I cannot input the correct ip address into putty to establish ssh without first accessing pi itself and running ifconfig. Oddly, I am able to get ssh working if I input the correct ip address found using ifconfig on pi, regardless of what is found using ipconfig on windows.

My goal is to be able to ssh my laptop with pi and ultimately use laptop as screen for pi, anytime and anywhere using anyone's wifi, as long as there's wifi connectivity available on laptop. To do this, I need to get the right ip address without checking ifconfig (since checking ifconfig requires a screen in the first place but screen is what I want after all)

In conclusion, how do I check the ip-address of pi using laptop with ethernet connected, OR, not desired but if possible, how to make raspberry pi to always use the ip address I can find on laptop windows ipconfig (or at least a fixed ip address) for ethernet connection?

Thanks.

EDIT: I had terrible understanding about ip address. Now I vaguely know that raspberry pi is assigned an ip address within a range defined by ethernet setting on laptop. The exact ip address and hostname can be found using ip scanner application. Now the question becomes, how do I relibaly make raspberry pi to use a fixed ip address for ethernet under any wifi, by either changing some settings on pi or laptop windows? Or even better, establish a one to one network without wifi?

Answer 1

I won't address any of the issues you may or may not be having with Windows 10, and the "guides" you mention you're following, but didn't share in your post. This is an RPi forum, so we'll stick to that, OK?

That said, you probably know that it's relatively straightforward to set up a "console/command line" connection with your RPi with a USB cable, or via Bluetooth (if your RPi has Bluetooth of course). Let us know if you wish to take that route, and need some help. Anyway - once you've established a connection between your RPi and your Windoze box, you can configure the RPi's wifi connection "manually" by following the instructions here.

As far as your question about making raspberry pi use a fixed IP address, I don't think you want to do that under the scenario you've described; i.e. "under any wifi". If you're going to use a fixed IP address, you must have control of the network - or at least know how it's configured.