How to change keyboard without using raspi-config?

Question

I have HypriotOS running which is a Raspbian Stretch version

uname -a
Linux test 4.14.34-hypriotos+ #2 Sun APr 22 15:29:32 UTC 2018 armv61 GNU/Linux


lsb_release
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Raspbian
Description Raspbian GNU/Linux 0.4 (stretch)

I wont configure the keyboard layout without using the regular raspi-config tool.. What I try to achieve is, that I flash the HypriotOS with german language already set. At the latest after the first reboot...

I tried a lot of options, no one of them worked, only the terminal language is german now. But the "Z" is still on the key "Y" and vice versa: Following code shows all my approaches as well the content of the files:

BTW: The ONLY WAY I GOT IT WORKING WAS BY USING the raspi-config.

localectl status

System Locale: LAG=de_DE.UTF-8
    VC Keymap: de-latin1nexport
   X11 Layout: DE
    X11 Model: pc105
  X11 Variant: nodeadkeys

/etc/vconsole.conf

KEYMAP=de-latin1-nodeadkeys

cat /etc/locale.conf

LANG=de_DE.UTF-8
export LC_DATE=de_DE.utf8
export LC_NUMERIC=de_DE.utf8
export LC_TIME=de_DE.utf8
export LANG=de_DE.utf8

/etc/default/keyboard

XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT=de
XKBVARIANT="nodeadkeys"
XKBOPTIONS=""
BACKSPACE="guess"

I tried that one too: https://wiki.archlinux.de/title/Arch_Linux_auf_Deutsch_stellen#Grundkonfiguration (It didn't work either)

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Vienna /etc/localtime

And that:

• sudo localectl set-x11-keymap de pc105
• sudo localectl --no-convert set-keymap de-latin1-nodeadkeys
• sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-data
• sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
• sudo localectl --no-convert set-keymap de-latin1-nodeadkeys
• sudo localectl --no-convert set-x11-keymap de pc105 nodeadkeys
• sudo service keyboard-setup restart
• sudo locale-gen de_DE.UTF-8
• sudo locale-gen de
• sudo update-locale de
• sudo update-locale de_DE.UTF-8
• sudo loadkeys de

What else could I try? Any help would be appreciated

Thank you very much

Answer 1

I got it working by these commands:

sudo apt-get install -y xinput-calibrator
sudo apt-get install -y console-data
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive keyboard-configuration
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive console-data
sudo loadkeys de

Answer 2

Open the terminal and type

/etc/default/keyboard

and change:

 XKBLAYOUT="xx"

Choose xx valid code.

Example:

XKBLAYOUT="US"

Cheers