Python3.7 with Numpy on Raspbian

Question

Goal:

Install Python3.7 on the Raspberry Pi. Then install Numpy for Python3.7

Found this very useful Github Gist: https://gist.github.com/SeppPenner/6a5a30ebc8f79936fa136c524417761d

Ran the following code in the console on the Pi(took ~1hour):

sudo apt-get update -y
sudo apt-get install build-essential tk-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev libdb5.3-dev libgdbm-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev zlib1g-dev libffi-dev -y
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
tar xf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
cd Python-3.7.0
./configure
make -j 4
sudo make altinstall
cd ..
sudo rm -r Python-3.7.0
rm Python-3.7.0.tar.xz
sudo apt-get --purge remove build-essential tk-dev -y
sudo apt-get --purge remove libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libreadline6-dev -y
sudo apt-get --purge remove libdb5.3-dev libgdbm-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev -y
sudo apt-get --purge remove libbz2-dev libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev zlib1g-dev libffi-dev -y
sudo apt-get autoremove -y
sudo apt-get clean

I then upgraded pip:

sudo python3.7 -m pi installl --upgrade pip

and finally installed Numpy for Python3.7 using pip:

sudo python3.7 -m pip install numpy

When trying to import numpy into python3.7 I got the (first) ImportError:

>>>import numpy as np
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
     from . import multiarray
   File "/user/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/multiarray.py" line 12, in <module>
     from . import overrides
   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/overrides.py", line 6, in <module>
     from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (
ImportError: libf77blas.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

I did install libf77blas.so.3 by typing:

sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev  

But upon importing numpy I got another import error, this time numpy can't find /lib/arm-linux/gnuabihf/libm.so.6: version 'GLIBC_2.27'

I was not able to find a way to install GLIBC_2.27

Answer 1

The solution was surprisingly simple:

Install an older Numpy version - I went with:

sudo python3.7 -m pip install 'numpy>1.0, <1.15' --force-reinstall

The installation took looong, but I'm now able to import numpy in python3.7

Hope this helps someone..I spent way too much time figuring this out

Answer 2

GLIBC_2.27 is not a library, it means that a symbol from libc with version 2.27 (or higher) is needed. You can try to install the glibc from the same repository where you got the libatlas-base-dev, they should have a compatible version. libm is part or glibc.

Newer versions of glibc should be upward compatible with older versions.

Answer 3

You can also force numpy to compile from source rather than using wheels that will have some minimum GLIBC from their compilation by doing

pip install --no-binary numpy numpy

(the doubling of numpy is like "pip install numpy, and install numpy from source")

Answer 4

pip install numpy --global-option="-mfloat-abi=hard" --force-reinstall 

...was the only answer that worked for me . The explanation is given in a thread on a slightly different problem see this link