Neither Network Manager (used by nmcli) nor old style networking with ifupdown is supported out of the box by Raspbian. For network connections it uses dhcpcd by default. You should look at /etc/dhcpcd.conf for default settings and have a look at man dhcpcd for using it.
I do not understand why you can use the command nmcli on the RasPi. On a default installation just from an image this command is not available. Do you not using a default installation?