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Question:
[WRT:] ...connecting the Pi and the motherboard in this way is a bad idea, as it will be physically connecting otherwise isolated circuits with separate ground signals.
Am I right? Or is this a non-issue? Is it a bad idea for a different reason? Why?
Answer:
The correct answer to your question as stated is:
Yes, you are right - THIS IS A BAD IDEA....
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"I don't care about sacrificing the adaptor, but what's the chance I'm taking to mess up my Raspberry Pi by using a power adapter with the correct voltage but not enough current?"
Unless the Raspberry Pi is extremely poorly designed (which I very much doubt is the case) or unless the power adapter does not limit it's output to 5V, you will not ...
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Actual hardware damage is very unlikely. The real risk is data loss: you can't trust your system to store data reliably, be it on the SD card, or an external storage such as USB thumb drives.
It's probably not a big problem if you just want to learn a bit of Linux. The moment you try to use the Pi in an actual project, it becomes a problem. You'll likely ...
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I had exactly the same issues as you describe here. I was also following instructions from the book Learn Robotics with Raspberry PI. For my project, I was using pi 3 model b+. I solved the problem by replacing the battery holder with another one of better quality.
If it helps, this is the battery holder I used https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/133616385476
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Perhaps a capacitor in the circuit to store and release the power once needed, a buffer for the load.
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The charger you have asked about should be fine. The USB-C specifications allow the higher voltage levels, and a "signaling mechanism" that is part of the USB-C standard guarantees that as long as the device (your RPi) and the power supply both adhere to the standards, things will work as they should.
That said: The first RPi4 production units were ...
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I would recommend you buy the official Pi4 power supply.
Its reasonably priced and reliable.
https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/type-c-power-supply/
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So what would you tell someone who has no technical knowledge of electronics? Or how would you educate a casual hobbyist to give a confident answer when someone else comes to them as the expert?
I would tell them, "Don't be penny wise, and pound foolish." Buy a power supply that meets the specs. Using a power supply that cannot supply enough ...
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If its pot-free/dry contact it shouldn't damage the pi, but if there is any kind of external power I would use an external relay as a switch. Use the pi to control external relays and you will be safe.
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If you want to connect the power switch pins using the pi, you could let the pi drive a relay or an optocoupler. Then the two circuits, the pi and the pc, would be isolated
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It is unclear what you are proposing.
One thing is clear the Pi can not emulate a contract closure.
Attempting to connect to a 5V circuit will damage the Pi.
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