Permission denied on executing script

Question

I can't execute a script.

I'm struggling with this.

OS version and hardware model

I'm on Raspbian GNU/Linux 10, Raspberry Pi 3 Model B.

Devices

When I call lsblk I get:

$ lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk
└─sda1        8:1    0 465.8G  0 part /mnt/hd
mmcblk0     179:0    0  29.7G  0 disk
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0   256M  0 part /boot
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2    0  29.5G  0 part /

File permissions:

When I call ls -la on /mnt/hd I get:

$ ls -la
total 124
drwxr-xr-x  7 user user  4096 May  3 02:52 .
drwxr-xr-x  3 root  root   4096 Mar 29 13:26 ..

...

-rwxr-xr-x  1 user user    49 Apr 30 01:32 start.sh

...

File system information

$ file -sL /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=dd7c2097-d7cf-4784-bc0f-e8daa9b681ec (extents) (64bit) (large files) (huge files)

Fstab entry:

HDD is mounted on boot with an /etc/fstab entry:

/dev/sda1 /mnt/hd auto defaults,user 0 1

Execution

I do have execution permission, but still when I try to execute start.sh:

$ ./start.sh
-bash: ./start.sh: Permission denied

Script contents

$ cat start.sh
ls

Even though it shows me Permission denied.

What I'm missing here?

Answer 1

Thanks to @Jaromanda X.

Using user in fstab implies noexec, so add exec after user:

/dev/sda1 /mnt/hd auto defaults,user,exec 0 1

However if you do not want to mount with exec flag you can run:

$ sh start.sh

(or another script interpreter).

As the script is just a text file and the interpreter is on another partition (exec-able), it will run.

One more note:

Including interpreter she-bang didn't work for me.